Abstract: A lithium manganese iron phosphate substrate, cathode material, and their preparation method, as well as a lithium battery, belonging to the field of lithium-ion battery technology. The preparation of the lithium manganese iron phosphate substrate comprises the following steps: dissolving soluble ferrous salt, soluble manganese salt, phosphoric acid, and lithium hydroxide in deionized water to react, obtaining Material A; filtering Material A, taking the filter cake and drying it to obtain Material B; Heat treating Material B in an inert gas atmosphere to obtain the lithium manganese iron phosphate substrate. By coating the surface of the carbon-free nano lithium manganese iron phosphate substrate with metal oxides or metal salts and carbon, the coating layer formed on the surface of the composite lithium manganese iron phosphate material effectively prevents the reaction between the lithium battery and the electrolyte.

Abstract: A system and method for implementing and manufacturing a hierarchy system for use with a TMCCC-containing electrically-conductive structure (e.g., an electrode) as well as methods for use and manufacturing of such structures and electrochemical cells including these devices. Structures and methods include a coordination complex having LxMyNzTia1Va2Cra3Mna4Fea5Coa6Nia7Cua8Zna9Caa10Mga11[R(CN)6]b (H2O)c. The method includes binding electrochemically active material to produce a hierarchical structure, the hierarchical structure having a plurality of primary crystallites having a size D1, the plurality of these primary crystallites agglomerated into a set of agglomerates each agglomerate having a size D2>D1.

Abstract: A rechargeable lithium-ion battery includes a housing and a battery cell arranged in the housing. The battery cell includes a liquid electrolyte, a composite anode, a composite cathode, and a separator arranged between the composite anode and the composite cathode. The liquid electrolyte includes an ionic liquid, an organic compound, and a lithium salt. The composite anode includes a metal current collector coated with a layer which includes an active material and a binder. The composite cathode includes a metal current collector coated with a layer which includes an active material and a binder. The active material of the composite anode is a lithium titan oxide (LTO). The composite cathode, the composite anode, and the separator, when immersed in the liquid electrolyte, are heat resistant at temperatures of above 150° C. The rechargeable lithium-ion battery is rechargeable in a temperature range of from ?30° C. to 150° C.

Abstract: Here is described an electrode material comprising an electrochemically active metallic film and an organic compound, e.g. an indigoid compound (indigo blue or a derivative or precursor thereof). Processes for the preparation of the electrode material and electrodes containing the material, as well as to the electrochemical cells and their use are also contemplated.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery cell has an electrolyte comprising a conducting salt. The electrolyte is based on SO2 and the positive electrode comprises an active material of the composition AxM?yM?z(XO4-mSn), wherein A is an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a metal of group 12 of the periodic table or aluminum, preferably sodium, calcium, zinc, particularly preferably lithium. M? is at least one metal selected from a group consisting of titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper and zinc. M? is at least one metal selected from a group consisting of the metals of groups 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16 of the periodic table. X is phosphorus or silicon. x is greater than 0. y is greater than 0. z is greater than or equal to 0. n is greater than 0 and m is less than or equal to n.

Abstract: A method for preparing a supercapacitor with good cycling stability uses NiO@CoMoO4/NF, an activated carbon plate, a KOH solution (6 mol/L), and polypropylene as raw materials, and is implemented through preparation of an NiO@CoMoO4/NF electrode and assembly of the supercapacitor, wherein the NiO@CoMoO4/NF is the anode of the supercapacitor, the activated carbon plate is the cathode of the supercapacitor, the KOH solution is the electrolyte, and the polypropylene is an isolation plate. The NiO@CoMoO4/NF electrode in the supercapacitor of the present disclosure treated with the ductile material can better adapt to volume changes during the charging and discharging process. After 10,000 cycles of charging and discharging, the capacity of the present disclosure has not faded and still maintains 100% of the maximum capacity, with a high specific capacitance of 79.4 F/g, an energy density of 35.7 Wh/kg, and a functional density of 899.5 W/kg.

Abstract: A cathode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery has improved output characteristics in low-temperature environment use. A lithium mixture includes composite hydroxide particles and a lithium compound calcined in an oxidizing atmosphere under a temperature rising time from 650° C. to a calcination temperature set to 0.5-1.5 hours and the calcination temperature set to 850° C.-1000° C. and maintained for 1.0-5.0 hours. The material has the general formula (A): Li1+SNixCoyMnzM1O2 , where ?0.05?s?0.20, x+y+z+t=1, 0.3?x?0.7, 0.1?y?0.4, 0.1?z?0.4, 0?t?0.05, and M is selected from Ca, Mg, Al, Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, and W. The material includes hexagonal lithium composite oxide particles. The ratio of the crystallite size at plane (104) to plane (003) is greater than 0 and less than 0.60.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a hybrid high voltage aqueous electrolyte battery that combines Ni/Mg2NiH4 and Mg-ion rechargeable battery chemistries. The hybrid aqueous electrolyte battery can be used for plug-in hybrid electrical vehicles and electric vehicles.

Abstract: Provided is a lithium secondary battery including a positive electrode layer composed of a lithium complex oxide sintered body, a negative electrode layer composed of a titanium-containing sintered body, a ceramic separator interposed therebetween, an electrolytic solution, and an exterior body including a closed space, which accommodates the positive electrode layer, the negative electrode layer, the ceramic separator, and the electrolytic solution, wherein the positive electrode layer, the ceramic separator, and the negative electrode layer are bonded together, a ratio C/A of a capacity C of the positive electrode layer to a capacity A of the negative electrode layer is 1.03 to 2.30, a ratio Tc/Ta of a thickness Tc of the positive electrode layer to a thickness Ta of the negative electrode layer is 0.50 to 2.00, the thickness Tc is 50 to 1000 ?m, and the thickness Ta is 50 to 1200 ?m.

Abstract: An object is to provide a positive electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery that can suppress gelation of a positive electrode mixture paste and can improve stability when a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery is manufactured. A positive electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery has a hexagonal layered crystal structure, is represented by general formula (1): Li1+sNixCoyMnzMwBtO2+?, and includes a lithium-metal composite oxide containing a secondary particle with a plurality of aggregated primary particles and a lithium-boron compound present on at least a part of surfaces of the primary particles. The amount of lithium hydroxide that elutes when the positive electrode active material is dispersed in water, measured by a neutralization titration method, is 0.01% by mass or more and 0.5% by mass or less with respect to the entire positive electrode active material.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to a battery module having a housing and a stack of battery cells disposed in the housing. Each battery cell has a battery cell terminal and a battery cell vent on an end of each battery cell, and the battery cell vent is configured to exhaust effluent into the housing. The battery module has a vent shield plate disposed in the housing and directly along an immediate vent path of the effluent, a first surface of the vent shield plate configured to direct the effluent to an opening between the shield plate and the housing, and a second surface of the vent shield plate opposite the first surface. The battery module also has a venting chamber coupled to the opening and at least partially defined by the second surface and a vent configured to direct the effluent out of the battery module.

Abstract: An electrode for a secondary battery includes a current collector, a first electrode mixture layer disposed on at least one surface of the current collector and including styrene butadiene rubber, and a second electrode mixture layer disposed on the first electrode mixture layer and including a second styrene butadiene rubber. The first styrene butadiene rubber and the second styrene butadiene rubber have a repeating unit of styrene derived structure and a repeating unit of a butadiene derived structure, the first styrene butadiene rubber containing 40 to 90 mol % of a butadiene monomer based on total content of a monomer, and the second styrene butadiene rubber having a lower content of a butadiene monomer than the content of the first styrene butadiene rubber.

Abstract: The invention is directed toward a primary AA alkaline battery. The primary AA alkaline battery includes an anode; a cathode; an electrolyte; and a separator between the anode and the cathode. The anode includes an electrochemically active anode material. The cathode includes an electrochemically active cathode material. The electrolyte includes potassium hydroxide. The primary AA alkaline battery has an integrated in-cell ionic resistance (Ri) at 22° C. of less than about 39 m?. The separator has a porosity of greater than 70%.

Abstract: A composite cathode active material and a cathode and a lithium battery including the composite cathode active material. The composite cathode active material has a core including a plurality of primary particles including a nickel-containing first lithium transition metal oxide having a layered crystal structure; a grain boundary disposed between adjacent primary particles of the plurality of primary particles; and a shell on the core, the shell including a second lithium transition metal oxide having a spinel crystal structure, wherein the grain boundary includes a first composition having a spinel crystal structure.

Abstract: A system and method for implementing and manufacturing a hierarchy system for use with a TMCCC-containing electrically-conductive structure (e.g., an electrode) as well as methods for use and manufacturing of such structures and electrochemical cells including these devices. Structures and methods include a coordination complex having LxMyNzTia1Va2Cra3Mna4Fea5Coa6Nia7Cua8Zna9Caa10Mga11[R(CN)6]b (H2O)c. The method includes binding electrochemically active material to produce a hierarchical structure, the hierarchical structure having a plurality of primary crystallites having a size D1, the plurality of these primary crystallites agglomerated into a set of agglomerates each agglomerate having a size D2>D1.

Abstract: Provided is a positive electrode active material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries for making high capacity and high output compatible, non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries, having the positive electrode active material adopted thereto, and a production method for a positive electrode active material in which the positive electrode active material can be easily produced in an industrial scale. A positive electrode active material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries, contains: primary particles of a lithium nickel composite oxide represented by at least General Formula: LizNi1-x-yCoxMyO2 (0.95?z?1.03, 0<x?0.20, 0<y?0.10, x+y?0.20, and M is at least one type of element selected from Mg, Al, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Nb, Zr, and Mo); and secondary particles configured by flocculating the primary particles, wherein an LiAl compound and an LiW compound are provided on surfaces of the primary particles.

Abstract: An electrochemical device of the present invention includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The positive electrode includes a positive current collector containing aluminum, a positive electrode material layer containing a conductive polymer, and an aluminum oxide layer disposed on a surface of the positive current collector. The aluminum oxide layer contains fluorine.

Abstract: A battery comprising an acidified metal oxide (“AMO”) material, preferably in monodisperse nanoparticulate form 20 nm or less in size, having a pH <7 when suspended in a 5 wt % aqueous solution and a Hammett function H0 >?12, at least on its surface.

Abstract: An alkaline electrochemical cell has a central cathode having a corresponding cathode current collector electrically connected with a positive terminal of the electrochemical cell. The cathode current collector has a tubular shape, such as a cylindrical shape or rectangular shape, extending parallel with the length of the central cathode. The cathode current collector is embedded within the central cathode, such as at a medial point of a radius of the central cathode, thereby minimizing the distance between the cathode current collector and any portion of the central cathode, thereby increasing the mechanical strength of the cathode and facilitating charge transfer to the cathode current collector.

Abstract: A system and method for implementing and manufacturing a hierarchy system for use with a TMCCC-containing electrically-conductive structure (e.g., an electrode) as well as methods for use and manufacturing of such structures and electrochemical cells including these devices. Structures and methods include a coordination complex having LxMyNzTia1Va2Cra3Mna4Fea5Coa6Nia7Cua8Zna9Caa10Mga11[R(CN)6]b (H2O)c. The method includes binding electrochemically active material to produce a hierarchical structure, the hierarchical structure having a plurality of primary crystallites having a size D1, the plurality of these primary crystallites agglomerated into a set of agglomerates each agglomerate having a size D2>D1.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel positive electrode active material for a sodium-ion secondary battery having a high voltage and a high capacity. The positive electrode active material for a sodium-ion secondary battery contains, in terms of % by mole of oxide, 8 to 55% Na2O, 10 to 70% CoO, 0 to 60% CrO+FeO+MnO+NiO, and 15 to 70% P2O5+SiO2+B2O3 and also contains an amorphous phase.

Abstract: The invention discloses a high voltage rechargeable Zn—MnO2 battery. The structure of the Zn—MnO2 battery includes zinc electrode/alkaline electrolyte/ion exchange membrane/acid electrolyte/MnO2 electrode. The ion exchange membrane comprises a cation exchange membrane, an anion exchange membrane or a proton exchange membrane. According to the invention, by using a composite electrolyte system (alkaline electrolyte/ion exchange membrane/acid electrolyte), a high voltage rechargeable Zn—MnO2 battery is obtained. According to the invention, an open circuit voltage of up to 2.7V is obtained, greatly improving the discharge voltage, and at the same time increasing the discharge capacity and enabling cyclic charge and discharge. The invention is of great importance in science research, beneficial to society and economics.

Abstract: To increase capacity per weight of a power storage device, a particle includes a first region, a second region in contact with at least part of a surface of the first region and located on the outside of the first region, and a third region in contact with at least part of a surface of the second region and located on the outside of the second region. The first and the second regions contain lithium and oxygen. At least one of the first region and the second region contains manganese. At least one of the first and the second regions contains an element M. The first region contains a first crystal having a layered rock-salt structure. The second region contains a second crystal having a layered rock-salt structure. An orientation of the first crystal is different from an orientation of the second crystal.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a solid electrolyte battery including a negative electrode including: a negative electrode current collector; a first negative electrode active material layer formed on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector and including a first negative electrode active material, a first solid electrolyte and a first electrolyte salt; and a second negative electrode active material layer formed on the first negative electrode active material layer and including a second negative electrode active material, a second solid electrolyte, a second electrolyte salt and a plasticizer having a melting point of 30-130° C., the solid electrolyte battery is activated at a temperature between the melting point of the plasticizer and 130° C., and a solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer is formed on the surface of the second negative electrode active material.

Abstract: A method for lithiation of an electrode includes providing an electrode to be lithiated, providing a piece of lithium metal with predetermined weight attached to a conductive material, attaching the conductive material to a current collector of the electrode to be lithiated or to a metal tab connected to or from the electrode to be lithiated, placing the electrode to be lithiated, the piece of lithium, and the conductive material in a container, and filling the container with an electrolyte containing a lithium salt.

Abstract: A positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery includes secondary particles which are aggregates of primary particles that are capable of being doped and dedoped with lithium ions, in which the secondary particles have a total specific surface area of pores having a pore radius of 10 nm or more and 50 nm or less of 0.27 m2/g or more and 0.90 m2/g or less in a pore distribution measured by a mercury porosimetry method.

Abstract: To provide electrolytic manganese dioxide excellent in packing property and high-rate discharge characteristics when used as a cathode material for alkaline dry cells. Electrolytic manganese dioxide in which the half-value width of the (110) plane in XRD measurement using CuK? line as the radiation source is at least 1.8° and less than 2.2°, the peak intensity ratio of X-ray diffraction peaks (110)/(021) is at least 0.70 and at most 1.00, and the JIS-pH (JIS K1467) is at least 1.5 and less than 5.0; a method for producing the electrolytic manganese dioxide; and its application.

Abstract: A composite material includes electro-deposited manganese dioxide particles of up to 110 micron in size and in a form of ?-modification of manganese dioxide; and single-walled carbon nanotubes with a diameter of 1 to 2 nm and a length of 1 to 5 ?m, wherein a content of the carbon nanotubes is 0.0001 to 0.1 wt % of the composite material. Optionally, the particles have an average size of about 40-60 microns. Optionally, the carbon nanotubes form a coating on a surface of the particles and extend inward from the surface. Optionally, the single-wall carbon nanotubes form a three-dimensional conductive network in the material.

Abstract: Substituted ramsdellite manganese dioxide (R—MnO2) compounds are provided, where a portion of the Mn is replaced by at least one alternative cation, or a portion of the O is replaced by at least one alternative anion. Electrochemical cells incorporating substituted R—MnO2 into the cathode, as well as methods of preparing the substituted R—MnO2, are also provided.

Abstract: An electrode for an energy storage device and a method of fabricating such electrode. The electrode includes a plurality of layers of active material defining a layer material structure; and an interlayer material disposed between each adjacent pairs of layer of the active material. The interlayer material is arranged to facilitate a transportation of ions along and/or across the plurality of layers of active material during a charging or a discharging operation of the energy storage device.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lithium-cobalt based complex oxide represented by Formula 1 below including lithium, cobalt and manganese wherein the lithium-cobalt based complex oxide maintains a crystal structure of a single O3 phase at a state of charge (SOC) of 50% or more based on a theoretical amount: LixCo1-y-zMnyAzO2??(1) wherein 0.95?x?1.15, 0<y?0.3 and 0?z?0.2; and A is at least one element selected the group consisting of Al, Mg, Ti, Zr, Sr, W, Nb, Mo, Ga, and Ni, wherein the at least one element of A is Mg.

Abstract: A positive active material, including: a lithium transition metal composite oxide represented by Formula 1: LiaNibM1cM2dM3eO2??Formula 1 wherein, in Formula 1, M1 comprises Co, Mn, or a combination thereof, M2 comprises Mg and Ti, M3 comprises Al, B, Ca, Na, K, Cr, V, Fe, Cu, Zr, Zn, Sr, Sb, Y, Nb, Ga, Si, Sn, Mo, W, Ba, a rare earth element, or a combination thereof, 0.9?a?1.1, 0.7?b<1.0, 0<c?0.3, 0<d?0.03, 0?e?0.05, and 0.95?(b+c+d+e)?1.05, and a molar ratio of Ti:Mg in M2 is about 1:1 to about 3:1.

Abstract: A thin film battery includes: a cathode body; and an anode body which is laminated on at least one of an upper portion or a lower portion of the abode body, in which the cathode body includes: a cathode plate on which a cathode active material is applied; a pair of separators which covers an upper surface and a lower surface of the cathode plate; and a polymer insulating film unit interposed between the pair of separators and a portion of the polymer insulating film unit which protrudes outwardly from an edge of the separator is bonded to an anode plate of the anode body.

Abstract: [Problem] Provided are a high filler-loaded high thermal conductive material which sufficiently utilizes features of an organic polymer while ameliorating drawbacks, enables integrated molding with ceramics, metals, semiconductor elements and the like, and has a low coefficient of thermal expansion and a high thermal conductivity; and a method for producing the high filler-loaded high thermal conductive material, a composition, coating liquid and a molded article.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a secondary battery electrode including: a collector positioned between an external wire and an electrode active material to transfer electrons; and an electrode mixture layer coated on the collector, wherein the electrode mixture layer includes a cross-linked polymer, an electrode active material, and a binder, and the cross-linked polymer is formed by a cross-linked bond between a first polymerization unit and a second polymerization unit to have an interpenetrating polymer network (IPN), and a manufacturing method thereof.

Abstract: A novel electrode is provided. A novel power storage device is provided. A conductor having a sheet-like shape is provided. The conductor has a thickness of greater than or equal to 800 nm and less than or equal to 20 ?m. The area of the conductor is greater than or equal to 25 mm2 and less than or equal to 10 m2. The conductor includes carbon and oxygen. The conductor includes carbon at a concentration of higher than 80 atomic % and oxygen at a concentration of higher than or equal to 2 atomic % and lower than or equal to 20 atomic %.

Abstract: A positive electrode active material for a lithium ion secondary battery has a rock salt type structure represented by General Formula: LixTi2x-1Mn2-3xO (0.50<x<0.67)??(1) and has an average particle size of 0.5 ?m or less.

Abstract: A composite oxide with high diffusion rate of lithium is provided. Alternatively, a lithium-containing complex phosphate with high diffusion rate of lithium is provided. Alternatively, a positive electrode active material with high diffusion rate of lithium is provided. Alternatively, a lithium ion battery with high output is provided. Alternatively, a lithium ion battery that can be manufactured at low cost is provided. A positive electrode active material is formed through a first step of mixing a lithium compound, a phosphorus compound, and water, a second step of adjusting pH by adding a first aqueous solution to a first mixed solution formed in the first step, a third step of mixing an iron compound with a second mixed solution formed in the second step, a fourth step of performing heat treatment under a pressure more than or equal to 0.1 MPa and less than or equal to 2 MPa at a highest temperature more than 100° C. and less than or equal to 119° C.

Abstract: An electrode formed from a material represented by Li1-xMxCo1-yM?yO2-d where 0<x?0.2, 0?y<1, and 0<d?0.2. M and M? each independently comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of transition metals, Group I elements, and Group II elements.

Abstract: An electrode material of formula Li2+xNiuTivNbwO4 where: 0<x<0.3, u>0 and w>0, x+u+v+w=2, x+2u+4v+5w=6, the electrode material having a crystal structure of disordered NaCl type. A cathode having this material as an electronically active material and also the lithium-ion battery containing this cathode are also contemplated.

Abstract: A composite cathode active material, includes a first metal oxide having a first layered crystal structure; and a second metal oxide having a second layered crystal structure, wherein the second metal oxide includes a layered double oxide (LDO). Also a cathode and a lithium battery including the composite cathode active material.

Abstract: The present application relates to a method comprising: (a) providing a battery comprising a manganese oxide composition as a primary active material; and (b) cycling the battery by: (i) galvanostatically discharging the battery to a first Vcell; (ii) galvanostatically charging the battery to a second Vcell; and (iii) potentiostatically charging at the second Vcell for a first defined period of time. The present application also relates to a chemical composition produced by the method above. The present application also relates to a battery comprising a chemical composition having an X-ray diffractogram pattern expressing a Bragg peak at about 26°, said peak being of greatest intensity in comparison to other expressed Bragg peaks. The present application also relates to a battery comprising one or more chemical species, the one or more chemical species produced by cycling an activated composition.

Abstract: The invention provides a dual component lithium-rich layered oxide positive electrode material for a secondary battery, the material consisting of a single-phase lithium metal oxide with space group R-3m and having the general formula Li1+bN1?bO2, wherein 0.155?b?0.25 and N=NixMnyCOzZrcAd, with 0.10?x?0.40, 0.30?y?0.80, 0<z?0.20, 0.005?c?0.03, and 0?d?0.10, and wherein x+y+z+c+d=1, with A being a dopant comprising at least one element, and the material further consisting of a Li2ZrO3 component.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a surface treatment method for lithium cobalt oxide, comprising the steps of: (S1) mixing lithium cobalt oxide and an organic phosphoric acid compound; and (S2) heat treating and calcining the mixture prepared in step (S1). The surface treatment method of the present invention is simpler and has higher reproducibility than a conventional surface coating and doping technique, and can improve electrochemical characteristics by reinforcing the structural stability of lithium cobalt oxide. In addition, LiCoO2 prepared by the surface treatment method of the present invention is structurally stable during charging/discharging and does not cause unnecessary phase transition, and thus has excellent lifetime characteristics.

Abstract: Provided is a lithium air battery, particularly, a lithium air battery capable of being easily charged and discharged to thereby improve performance and reliability, having economic feasibility, preventing leakage of ions, and having firmly inter-coupled electrodes to thereby improve durability.

Abstract: A lithium deficient cathode active material for lithium-ion batteries is described. More particularly, the lithium deficient cathode active material can have multiphase structures, including both a layered or hexagonal structure (e.g., having an R-3m space group) and a spinel structure (e.g., having a Fd-m space group). Batteries including the cathode active material and methods of preparing the cathode active material are also described.

Abstract: A scale-like graphite and carbon material for a battery electrode which is suitable for use as an electrode material for an aqueous-electrolyte secondary battery, wherein the ratio IG/ID (G value) between the peak area (ID) in a range of 1300 to 1400 cm?1 and the peak area (IG) in a range of 1580 to 1620 cm?1 by Raman spectroscopy spectra, in which an edge surface of the particle of the scale-like graphite is measured with by a Raman microspectrometer, is 5.2 to 100 and the average interplanar spacing d002 of plane (d002) by the X-ray diffraction method is 0.337 nm or less and optical structures of the scale-like graphite have a specific shape; the method for producing the same; a carbon material for a battery electrode and a paste for an electrode containing the material; and a secondary battery having excellent charge/discharge cycle characteristics and high current load characteristics.

Abstract: An olivine cathode material capable of 3-dimensional lithium diffusion and a method of preparing the same is provided, and more particularly, an olivine cathode material capable of 3-dimensional lithium diffusion having an olivine crystal structure of a composition of the following formula 1, wherein excess lithium ions are present in an iron ion site is provided. Li(LixFe1-x)PO4 (the x=0.01 to 0.

Abstract: A method for making a lithium ionic energy storage element, the method includes the steps of: (a) mixing a lithium ion donor, a positive electrode frame active substance and a binder with a predetermined weight ratio to form a mixture, and adding the mixture into a dispersant to form a positive electrode active substance, wherein the lithium ion donor includes lithium peroxide, lithium oxide or a combination thereof; (b) coating the positive electrode active substance on an aluminum foil to form a film, and baking the film to form a positive electrode; and (c) forming a lithium ionic energy storage element by assembling the positive electrode, a negative electrode having a negative electrode active substance and a porous separate strip interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and filling an electrolyte into the porous separate strip.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an electrode is provided. The electrode includes an active material-containing layer. The active material-containing layer includes an Na-containing niobium-titanium composite oxide having an orthorhombic crystal structure. The active material-containing layer satisfies I2/I1?1. I1 is an intensity of a peak P1 appearing in a binding energy range of 289 eV to 292 eV in an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectrum of the active material-containing layer. I2 is an intensity of a peak P2 appearing in a binding energy range of 283 eV to 285 eV in the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectrum of the active material-containing layer.