Abstract: An agricultural system can include an implement including a frame assembly. One or more ground-engaging tools can be operably supported by the frame assembly. An implement actuator can be operably coupled with the frame assembly and configured to alter an implement actuator model relative to a ground surface. A computing system can be communicatively coupled to the implement actuator. The computing system can include a processor and associated memory. The memory can store instructions that, when implemented by the processor, configure the computing system to receive data indicative of residue size, determine an implement levelness based at least partially on the residue size, and determine an implement actuator model based at least partially on the implement levelness.

Abstract: A work vehicle includes a fuel cell module including a fuel cell stack, a motor connected to the fuel cell module, a travel device to be driven by the motor, a controller configured or programmed to control the motor, and a positioning system. The controller is configured or programmed to change a manner of stopping the motor when a travel stop command is issued during motor operation, depending on whether a position of the work vehicle identified by the positioning system is within a field or not. The controller is configured or programmed to make a time from when the travel stop command is issued until the motor stops shorter when the position of the work vehicle is within the field than when the position of the work vehicle is outside the field.

Abstract: A method of controlling a mobile agricultural machine that includes performing an agricultural operation during a given pass in a field using a first set of machine settings, obtaining in situ data representing the agricultural operation during the given pass, generating a performance metric based on the in situ data, identifying a second set of machine settings based on the performance metric, and outputting a control instruction that controls the mobile agricultural machine during a subsequent pass in the field based on the second set of machine settings.

Abstract: Systems and methods herein present a multi-modal model, or insight miner, for agricultural use. The model is used for generating actionable insights from time-series agricultural data. To do so, a control system of a farming machine includes the insight miner and a training module. The miner ingests agricultural information (e.g., time series field measurements), identifies trends in the time-series data (e.g., increasing, decreasing, etc.), and determines potential farming actions to take based on identified trends. To do so, the model generates visual representations of the time-series data, inputs the visual representations into a model to obtain a natural language description of that data, and enact farming actions based on the insights obtained. The training module trains the model by generating visual representation and natural language pairs, which are used to train the model.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to the control of the operating parameters or other settings of a towed or mounted tractor implement. A control panel is carried by the implement frame, outside the tractor. It receives commands for controlling the implement directly at the vicinity of the implement, including at least the raising and lowering of a toolbar of the implement.

Abstract: A method for the production of biomass including: planting rows of poplar saplings or cuttings of the species Populus nigra or Populus tremula in ridges with a density greater than 40,000 units per hectare; cutting the plantation annually at the ridge level for a period of 15 to 20 years, and obtaining in each annual cut poplar stalks having a length less than 7 meters and a diameter less than 6 centimeters, and cutting the poplar stalks transversely into substantially cylindrical blocks of biomass having an adjustable length and a variable diameter, coinciding with the diameter of the poplar stalks in the cutting areas.

Abstract: A riding apparatus and a method for mowing and pressure surface cleaning. The riding apparatus is similar to a riding lawn mower having a chassis, body, chair, and controls. A mower deck is mounted to the chassis. A spindle mounted is mounted to the mower deck. The spindle allows connecting the mower blade, water supply, and nozzles for pressure surface cleaning. The shaft of the spindle has a vertical hole and a horizontal hole forming a T-shape path for the water supply. A swivel is coupled to the top end of the spindle and connects to a high-pressure hose. Two L-shaped pipes extend from two openings of the horizontal hole and provide attachment for the nozzles. A high-pressure pump can supply water or steam. When not used for cleaning, the nozzles and the hose from the swivel can be removed and the riding apparatus can be used for mowing.

Abstract: This invention provides a grass trimmer and a method of using the same. The grass trimmer comprises a machine head including at least one electric motor, a grass trimmer head driven by the electric motor, and a housing for containing the electric motor. And a base including a shell. In addition, there is a trimming wheel device and a tank wheel device which assist in moving the grass trimmer head. The tank wheel device and the trimming wheel device form a detachable connection to the base. When trimming is required, the base connects to the trimming wheel device. When mowing is required, the tank wheel device replaces the connection between the trimming wheel device and the base.

Abstract: A fill detection system for controlling and optimizing a discharge of a commodity into a receiving container from a supply container. The system can determine a measured fill profile for the commodity in the receiving container that can be at least partially based on information from one or more height sensing sensors. The system can also determine one or more confidence levels, including with respect to information provided by the height sensing sensors. The system can further utilize an algorithm or model to determine a simulated fill profile. The measured and/or simulated fill profiles can be adjusted, including weighted, based on the confidence value(s) in connection with determining an estimated fill profile. The estimated fill profile can be compared to a desired fill profile in connection with determining whether to continue discharging commodity and/or adjust a location at which commodity is being discharged into the receiving container.

Abstract: One or more information maps are obtained by an agricultural work machine. The one or more information maps map one or more agricultural characteristic values at different geographic locations of a field. An in-situ sensor on the agricultural work machine senses an agricultural characteristic as the agricultural work machine moves through the field. A predictive map generator generates a predictive map that predicts a predictive agricultural characteristic at different locations in the field based on a relationship between the values in the one or more information maps and the agricultural characteristic sensed by the in-situ sensor. The predictive map can be output and used in automated machine control.

Abstract: A method of operating a grain harvesting machine includes: capturing images of a crop material flow in an image capture area of the grain harvesting machine; identifying a plurality of grain elements in the images; determining a velocity of each of the grain elements; determining whether each of the grain elements is likely to be overblown out of the grain harvesting machine based at least in part on the velocity of each of the grain elements; and controlling a subsystem of the grain harvesting machine at least in part based upon the determination of whether the grain elements are likely to be overblown. A grain harvesting machine for performing such a method is also disclosed.

Abstract: Systems, methods and machines are provided for determining a free-running pressure of a machine. The method can include receiving a measurement of a temperature of a hydraulic fluid within a hydraulic circuit of the machine, the hydraulic circuit including a hydraulic motor configured to pump the hydraulic fluid through the hydraulic circuit; receiving a measurement of a first pressure of the hydraulic fluid at a first point within the hydraulic circuit; and determining the free-running pressure of the hydraulic motor based on the temperature of the hydraulic fluid.

Abstract: A detection and control system for an agricultural harvester includes a controller with at least one memory and at least one processor. The controller is configured to receive a sensor signal indicative of an image of harvested crop material within a feederhouse of the agricultural harvester; analyze the image to detect at least one ear of corn with kernel loss; analyze the image to identify one or more parameters of the at least one ear of corn with kernel loss; and determine an appropriate adjustment to one or more components of row units based on the one or more parameters of the at least one ear of corn with kernel loss.

Abstract: Apparatuses, systems, and method for moving a wing frame of an agricultural head from a folded position to an unfolded position and to articulate the wing frame when in the unfolded configuration using a single actuator are disclosed. In some implementations, an agricultural head may include a center frame; a wing frame coupled to the center frame; and an intermediate portion disposed between the center frame and the wing frame. The intermediate portion may be pivotably connected to the center frame at a first pivot axis and pivotably connected to the wing frame at a second pivot axis. The first pivot axis may be offset from the second pivot axis.

Abstract: Apparatuses, systems, and method for moving a wing frame of an agricultural head from a folded position to an unfolded position and to articulate the wing frame when in the unfolded configuration using a single actuator are disclosed. In some implementations, an agricultural head may include a center frame; a wing frame coupled to the center frame; a first pivot axis pivotably connecting the wing frame to the center frame, the first pivot axis being configured to facilitate rotation of the wing frame between a folded configuration and an unfolded configuration relative to the center frame; and a second pivot axis, offset from the first pivot axis, pivotably connecting the wing frame and the center frame. The second pivot axis may be configured to facilitate articulation of wing frame, in the unfolded position, relative to the center frame.

Abstract: Disclosed is corn stalk roller configured to roll and crimp stubs of corn stalks.

Abstract: A system for growing a plant includes a vertical growing structure having a plurality of interconnected walls, the walls partially enclosing a cavity. An aperture is disposed through one of the plurality of interconnected walls. A growing media is disposed in the cavity. Roots of the plant are growable into the growing media. An insert is received through the aperture. The insert includes a supporting member protruding from the aperture. A first wing extends transversely from the supporting member. A second wing extends transversely from the supporting member opposite the first wing. The first wing and the second wing are trapped between the growing media and the one of the plurality of interconnected walls to retain the insert in the aperture. The supporting member supports stems of the plant and diverts water from the plant towards the cavity.

Abstract: A system for consistently and continuously watering plants without interruption or adjustment over the life of a plant or for a period of 1 to 3 years. A pot is substantially filled with root components of a plant and a volume of soil. The pot is positioned within an overflow saucer. The saucer may have a base that is equal to or up to ? larger than the base of the pot. The pot may have one or more weep holes at or near its base for releasing water from the pot into the overflow saucer. The pot is elevated within the overflow saucer. The pot may be elevated within the overflow saucer by a riser. Adding water to the pot weekly, wherein the water is added at a ratio of a water volume to a pot volume of between 1:10 and 1:15. The plant pot system further comprises a ratio of a height of the riser to a height of the pot of between 1:20 and 1:24.

Abstract: A pressurized greenhouse and air conditioning system designed to optimize plant growth environments. The pressurized greenhouse includes a frame with a transparent covering membrane, vertical fans for maintaining uniform climate conditions, and a pressure control system to manage air intake and exhaust. To achieve precise temperature control, the air conditioning system employs evaporative cooling, air-water heat exchange, and a thermal battery heat exchanger. It circulates air using horizontal fans and utilizes stored thermal energy for heating and cooling modes. Heat rejection means, such as cooling towers or chillers, further enhance efficiency. This inventive system offers comprehensive climate control capabilities for optimal plant growth, making it an essential tool for greenhouse cultivation.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a plastic laminate for covering agricultural crops. The plastic laminate includes an upper film having a plurality of upper film holes, and a bottom film having a plurality of bottom film holes. In use, the plastic laminate is arranged over a tunnel frame to form a greenhouse. The bottom film holes are arranged higher than neighbouring upper film holes. The present disclosure also relates to greenhouses that are made from such plastic laminates and also methods for manufacturing plastic laminates for covering agricultural crops.

Abstract: Methods and systems for automated plant production including a primary control hub including a controller, a plurality of plant growth modules, each plant growth module including a secondary hub in communication with and controlled by the primary hub, a plurality of plant assemblies for growing a plurality of individual plants, and a distribution tank in fluid connection with each of the plant assemblies, a plurality of supply tanks containing a supply to support plant growth and a plurality of supply lines, each supply line connecting one supply tank to the distribution tank of each of the plurality of plant growth modules. The primary hub separately controls delivery of each of the supplies to each of the plurality of plant growth modules.

Abstract: Described herein are apparatus and methods for wounding plant tissue. A method of the present invention includes blending a plant tissue (e.g., a plant and/or plant part) in a blender (e.g., an electric blender) to provide wounded plant tissue.

Abstract: A soybean cultivar designated 95460218 is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar 95460218, to the plants of soybean cultivar 95460218, to the plant parts of soybean cultivar 95460218, and to methods for producing progeny of soybean cultivar 95460218. The invention also relates to methods for producing a soybean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. The invention also relates to soybean cultivars or breeding cultivars, and plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 95460218. The invention also relates to methods for producing other soybean cultivars, lines, or plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 95460218, and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds, plants, and plant parts produced by crossing cultivar 95460218 with another soybean cultivar.

Abstract: A soybean cultivar designated 04050405 is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar 04050405, to the plants of soybean cultivar 04050405, to the plant parts of soybean cultivar 04050405, and to methods for producing progeny of soybean cultivar 04050405. The invention also relates to methods for producing a soybean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. The invention also relates to soybean cultivars or breeding cultivars, and plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 04050405. The invention also relates to methods for producing other soybean cultivars, lines, or plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 04050405, and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds, plants, and plant parts produced by crossing cultivar 04050405 with another soybean cultivar.

Abstract: The invention provides seeds and plants of tomato hybrid SVTM9039, tomato line PSQ-9Z20-6891V, and tomato line PSQ-9Z21-1036. The invention thus relates to the plants, seeds, plant parts, and tissue cultures of tomato hybrid SVTM9039, tomato line PSQ-9Z20-6891V, and tomato line PSQ-9Z21-1036 and to methods for producing a tomato plant produced by crossing such plants with themselves or with another plant, such as a tomato plant of another genotype. The invention further relates to seeds and plants produced by such crossing. The invention further relates to plants, seeds, plant parts, and tissue cultures of tomato hybrid SVTM9039, tomato line PSQ-9Z20-6891V, and tomato line PSQ-9Z21-1036 comprising introduced beneficial or desirable traits.

Abstract: A box is for containing one or more four-legged live slaughter animals prior to slaughter, and comprises: a bottom; two sidewalls extending along sides of the bottom, and having a length; a gated inlet formed at a first end of the sidewalls; and an end wall formed at a second end of the sidewalls and opposite from the inlet gate. The end wall is configured for allowing the one or more animals in the box to see through the end wall when at the inlet to the box, wherein a side wall is provided with a ventilation window formed as a through-going opening through the sidewall, and wherein the ventilation window comprises barring means for preventing an animal from extending its head through the ventilation window, which barring means are further configured to prevent an animal from viewing through the ventilation window as it enters the box through the inlet.

Abstract: A pet housing (10) is made from a series of panels (16) arranged around a cushion-like animal bed (26) to form a generally dome-shaped enclosure (20). An entrance (12) in the enclosure (20) allows for the ingress/egress of a pet animal. For visual aesthetics, the pet housing (10) can assimilate a sports ball through placement and presentation of seams (20) or an animal's head via use of various attachable/removable accouterments (40) (FIG. 8).

Abstract: A soundproof dog kennel includes a housing with noise-dampening walls and a noise-dampening door for dog ingress/egress. One or more walls has a ventilation assembly with noise-dampening baffles that permits inflow of breathable air with dampened sound waves when the door is closed, featuring hollow corridors, an air intake end, and an exhaust end. Fans force air through the sound-dampening ventilation ducts to reduce ambient noise while removing stale air. The kennel is equipped with cameras, carbon dioxide sensors, and other safety and monitoring devices. A smartphone application enables remote monitoring through live camera feeds, real-time sensor data display, and remote control of kennel functions. The system can automatically open the door if air quality or temperature reaches predetermined thresholds. This kennel protects dogs from noise pollution sources like fireworks, engines, and airplane auxiliary power units, providing a safe, quiet, and remotely monitored space for dogs.

Abstract: An automatic self-cleaning and self-filling outdoor fluid feeding system for an animal, including for example a pet, includes a sink; a fluid transport system; a housing supporting the sink and containing the fluid transport system; and a control assembly configured to control the automatic self-cleaning and self-filling operations of the system.

Abstract: The separable dog toy has at least two components which are separable or partially separable from each other. The segments may be completely separable, or the segments may be in some way tethered together such that when the segments are separated from each other they remain connected by a connecting element. The segments may have cavities into which the user may insert dog treats or mini-toys for the dog to find while playing with the toy. After the dog has removed and eaten the treats the owner may insert new treats into the cavities so that the dog may extract them again. This method of use is intended to keep the dog interested and engaged with the toy leading to increased stimulation and enjoyment for the dog.

Abstract: The separable dog toy has at least two components which are separable or partially separable from each other. The segments may be completely separable, or the segments may be in some way tethered together such that when the segments are separated from each other they remain connected by a connecting element. The separable segments have coupling features which enable the segments to be coupled to each other. The segments may have cavities into which the user may insert dog treats or mini-toys for the dog to find while playing with the toy. After the dog has removed and eaten the treats the owner may insert new treats into the cavities so that the dog may extract them again. This method of use is intended to keep the dog interested and engaged with the toy leading to increased stimulation and enjoyment for the dog.

Abstract: An interchangeable pet toy is disclosed. An example interchangeable pet toy includes a connector body having at least one looped connection. The interchangeable pet toy also includes a first toy or accessory having a first looped end portion, and a second toy or accessory having a second looped end portion. The first looped end portion of the first pet toy feeds through and interconnects with the at least one looped connection of the connector body to secure the first toy or accessory to the connector body. The first looped end portion of the first toy or accessory is removed from the connector body for replacement with the second toy or accessory. The connector body is interchangeable with a plurality of different toys or accessories.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices for confining pet movement without physical restraint are disclosed herein. The systems and devices may include a first stand including an adjustable body support, a first middle portion, and a first base portion, the first middle portion configured to move the adjustable body support vertically based on a height of a pet; a second stand including an adjustable platform, a second middle portion, and a second base portion, the second middle portion configured to move the adjustable platform vertically based on the height of the pet, the adjustable platform configured to retain an item that is placed on a first surface of the adjustable platform; and a base onto which the first stand and the second stand are mounted.

Abstract: Livestock weighing and isolation systems are disclosed herein. An example system includes an enclosure having a temporary confinement area and a scale for weighing an animal, an identification reader for detecting a unique identification tag associated with the animal, a database for storing information associated with the animal, including a weight of the animal and time of weighing, and a service provider configured to update information associated with the animal in the database upon receiving the weight from the scale and the identification from the identification reader.

Abstract: A small insect filter grid may spare bugs of a smaller size and kill larger bugs. The small insect filter grid may protect and spare a honeybee colony while killing the Asian Giant Hornet which can decimate a honeybee population. The small insect filter grid may provide a protective cage having a mesh grid pattern that may be placed around a honeybee hive. The protective cage may be electrically powered to kill the larger bugs such as the Asian Giant Hornet. The honeybees and other smaller insects are not large enough to touch both a positive (+) and a negative (?) rail of the mesh at the same time, and accordingly, will not bridge the circuit to activate the power within the grid and be electrocuted. Asian Giant Hornets are large enough to touch both the positive and negative rails to bridge the circuit so that they are electrocuted.

Abstract: A robotic system for delivery of a health-based product to a beehive may include a movable frame and a product tank configured to hold the health-based product, a navigation system configured to detect the location of the beehive for delivering the health-based product, an applicator in fluid communication with the product tank, a boom that may be configured to extend and retract relative to the movable frame, a fogger assembly configured to prepare and deliver the health-based product to the beehive through an entrance of the beehive. A controller in communication with the movable frame, navigation system, boom, fogger assembly, and applicator, may be configured to position the movable frame adjacent the beehive, extend the boom to dispose the applicator through the beehive entrance, activate the fogger assembly, and deliver the health-based product from the fogger assembly through the beehive entrance when the applicator is disposed through the beehive entrance.

Abstract: Provided is a technology which can properly perform a predetermined treatment on an abdomen of a test fish while reliably holding the test fish in a predetermined posture by suppressing damage as much as possible. A test fish holding device includes a flexible holder, the holder having a holding groove extending along a front-rear direction on an upper surface side and internally holding the test fish loaded from an upper opening portion. The holder has a slit extending along the front-rear direction in a bottom portion of the holding groove and exposing the abdomen of the test fish held inside the holding groove through a lower surface side. A width of the slit is widened by generating a tensile force from an inside toward an outside on the lower surface side of the holder.

Abstract: In a method for counting embryos developing in a uterus of Caenorhabditis elegans, a complete set of experimental procedures are designed to count embryos in the uterus of Caenorhabditis elegans by using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model organism. The method is applicable to Caenorhabditis elegans exposed from an L1 stage to a final stage of pregnancy, and can provide an easy-to-observe, fast, simple, accurate and reliable experimental method to apply Caenorhabditis elegans to research of reproductive ability, detection results of which are highly accurate and reliable, and the experimental method is suitable for promotion.

Abstract: An animated fishing jig apparatus with a molded jig body (e.g., torpedo shape, substantially round cross section) having an eyeball window(s) on its exterior surface and an interior chamber configured to fittedly carry an animator system assembly comprising a light source(s) (e.g., LED, multicolor, flashing), a micro vibration motor, and a battery. A head eye and a tail eye are mechanically connected to forward and aft portions of the jig body, respectively. The clear (or opaque) eyeball windows allow light source(s) emissions to escape into the nearby environment. The battery (e.g., rechargeable, removeable, or permanent) powers the light source(s) and the micro vibration motor during use. An automatic switch (e.g., water sensor type or pressure sensor type) detects a submerged condition to power On the onboard components, and detects a non-submerged condition to power Off. The jig body may be monolithically formed or assembled from multiple molded members (mechanically connected).

Abstract: An adjustable force transfer portion of a fishing rod that alters the transfer of forces from the distal section to the proximal section of the fishing rod when fighting a fish. The fishing rod may be modular, and the adjustable force transfer portion may be located in any one or more sections of the rod.

Abstract: A mounting and positioning device 10 comprises a disc 11 having a termite detection region in the form of a hole 12. The device entices termites to the detection region 12 using termite scaffold as an array of slats 13 made from a termite consumable material fitted around the hole 12 using an array of flanges 14 which frictionally grip the slats. Concentric frangible sections in the form of weakened rings 22, 23, 24 and 25 permit marginal sections of the device to be removed so that it may fit inside different sized termite monitors.

Abstract: Apparatus and associated methods relate to a topical pests control application system (PCAS). In an illustrative example, the PCAS includes a foam generation unit (FGU) receiving a mixture of an active ingredient and a solvent (e.g., water). For example, the FGU may generate a pest controlling foam at a foam generating orifice having an input aperture and an output aperture. For example, the FGU may generate a mixture of the active ingredient and the solvent. For example, the input aperture and the output aperture may be selected as a function of a hose length connected to the PCAS, the active ingredient, the input flow rate, and a predetermined pressure drop between the input aperture and the output aperture. Various embodiments may advantageously generate the pest controlling foam with a minimum dwell time of at least 5 minutes posterior to application on a surface.

Abstract: A rodent bait delivery device for delivering bait into a rodent hole includes a first tube, a second tube, and a hopper. The second tube is complementary to and slidably positioned in the first tube. The hopper is engaged to the first tube so that a bottom of the hopper is positioned proximate to a lower end of the first tube. An opening positioned in a top of the hopper allows for addition of a flowable bait. A first aperture is positioned in the first tube proximate to the bottom of the hopper. A second aperture is positioned in the second tube so that the second aperture is selectively alignable with the first aperture to fluidically engage the second tube to the hopper, thus allowing the flowable bait to flow from the hopper and through the second tube into a rodent hole.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a pest repellant system that includes pulse generator circuitry to generate pulses from a power source. The frequency and amplitude of the pulses are selected based on a selected pest species. One or more emitters are coupled to the pulse generator to generate pulsed fields to interfere with navigational/landing/nesting abilities of the selected pest species. The pulse generator circuitry includes filter circuitry to remove/attenuate unwanted frequency components of the pulses, in accordance with regulatory and/or government requirements. The pulse generator circuitry is encased in a housing structure to provide moisture and tamper resistance in accordance with regulatory and/or government requirements.

Abstract: A netting support system (100, 200) adapted to span an adjustable ventilation opening, wherein the netting support system (100) comprises an insect netting (110) to prevent passage of insects through the adjustable ventilation opening. The insect netting (110) is pleated in an accordion-style configuration to collapse in a stacked manner when the adjustable ventilation opening is closing and to expand when the adjustable ventilation opening is opening. The netting support system (100) further comprises a guiding arrangement (120) for the insect netting, wherein the guiding arrangement (120) comprises a stretchable wire (121) connected to at least one net connection (132, 134) fixed to the insect netting (110). The stretchable wire (121) maintains the insect netting (110) in the accordion-style configuration when the insect netting (110) spans the ventilation opening.

Abstract: This invention relates to a micro-dose insecticidal aerosol composition for controlling disease-transmitting insects, whether flying or crawling. The micro-dose insecticidal aerosol composition in one single actuation, includes pyrethroid insecticide in hydrocarbon solvent, capable of generating particles in the air and in the environment with particle diameter D50?0.15 ?m corresponding to 500 to 800 mg of the composition applied every 5 m3.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a biomolecular material and related methods of forming and utilizing such biomolecular material. In one aspect, a biomolecular material includes a porous material and one or more biomolecules. In one aspect, a method for forming a biomolecular material may include applying one or more biomolecules to a porous material and lyophilizing the one or more biomolecules.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for controlling the growth and spread of unicellular algae.

Abstract: Generally, the present disclosure is directed to single dose, or unitary disinfecting concentrates that are stable in a dissolvable container. The disinfecting concentrate includes at least one biodegradable carboxylic acid and at least one anionic surfactant, and is stable for at least one week at 54° C. as measured according to EPA storage stability test protocol (830.6317). While exhibiting good stability, the disinfecting concentrate is also able to dissolve quickly in water, and, once diluted, exhibits a micro efficacy against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, or both Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus at 3 minute contact time according to the Germicidal Spray Test method AOAC 961.02.

Abstract: Disclosed are carboxylic acid-derived keto-diesters having formula (VIII) or an herbicidally-effective salt thereof; compositions comprising such keto-diesters or herbicidally-effective salts; methods of preparing such keto-diesters, herbicidally-effective salts, and/or compositions; and methods for controlling undesired vegetation by contacting the undesired vegetation or its environment with an effective amount of such a keto-diester, herbicidally-effective salt, or composition.